Soil invertebrates in the Tropics: a bibliographical revision.

Pedro Ríos Guayasamín; Julio Muñoz Rengifo; Sandy Smith

doi:10.46380/rias.v2i1.42

Autores/as

Pedro Ríos Guayasamín Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Ecuador
Julio Muñoz Rengifo Universidad Estatal Amazónica, Ecuador
Sandy Smith Universidad de Toronto, Canadá

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46380/rias.v2i1.42

Palabras clave:

invertebrados, muestreo, suelo, trópicos

Resumen

Los invertebrados son el grupo más diverso en el mundo, ellos colonizan casi todos los ecosistemas y proveen de muchos bienes y servicios. Los invertebrados que viven en el suelo contribuyen consistentemente a cambios en las funciones ecosistémicas, afectando directamente: ciclaje de nutrientes, cambios en contenido de biomasa, redes ecológicas y relaciones interespecíficas para organismos más voluminosos. Para este ejercicio se tomaron los datos de las seis revistas más representativas (2010-2016). Los invertebrados en los trópicos son talvez el grupo más diverso; aunque en la revisión realizada solo el 64% representó zonas tropicales o subtropicales exclusivamente, siendo el restante una comparación con zonas temperadas o estudios globales. Debido a su diversidad, muchos aún se encuentran a la espera de descripciones taxonómicas, siendo varios de los especialistas oriundos de países no tropicales y teniendo a Brasil como el país que más investigación realiza del tema con investigadores propios. No todos los invertebrados han recibido la misma atención, y los órdenes más estudiados son: Hymenoptera (20%), Coleoptera (12%) y Araneae (6%); varias familias sin identificación (25%), particularizando estudios en Formicidae (24%) y Scarabaeinae (8%) principalmente. La tendencia es trabajar con aquellos que se encuentran mejor descritos. Los artículos escogidos constituyen una clave para identificar las metodologías más utilizadas, donde las trampas de caída (30%), cuadrantes (11%) y transectos (9%) se destacan sobre otras 24 metodologías. El tiempo de estudio más generalizado se hace por una sola estación (<1 año), centrándose la búsqueda de invertebrados en el suelo (40%) y la hojarasca (38%).

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